An interview with ocean scientist Laura Rubiano-Gómez
Underwater gliders are revolutionizing ocean research, allowing scientist to get more mileage -literally and figuratively- from their scarce research funds. Ocean scientist Laura Rubiano-Gómez is responsible for the operation, maintenance and deployment of a fleet of underwater gliders, a type of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) used in the acquisition of data for various federally funded research programs.

BlooSee: Tell us a bit about yourself.
Laura Rubiano-Gómez: I first became interested in oceanography while doing an internship in Venice, Italy during college. It was there that I started learning about the importance of studying our oceans. After graduating college with a degree in environmental engineering, I went off to graduate school to study physical oceanography. In graduate school I learned how to use numerical models to study oceanic features like coastal currents, but it wasn’t until I began working at Oregon State University (OSU) that I began working with underwater gliders. I spent three years as a member of OSU’s glider research groupwhere I participated in the planning, deployment, recovery and piloting of our fleet of gliders in support of projects off the coast of Oregon and Chile.

What are underwater gliders? What are these being used for?
An underwater glider is a type of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) that uses small changes in its buoyancy to propel itself forward as it glides through the water. Gliders follow an up-and-down, sawtooth-like profile through the water, providing different types of data depending on the instruments it carries. The most common instruments measure water temperature, salinity (to calculate density), depth, dissolved oxygen, optical backscatter and chlorophyll fluorescence. The instruments on the glider continuously collect data as it glider through the water and transmits it back to the base-station every time it comes to the surface, which is usually about every six hours.
Gliders are currently used all over the world, from the tropics to the poles, to monitor and study the ocean and its changing properties. They are often used to study climate change, to monitor where pollutants are going, to study red tides, hypoxia and other oceanic features such as upwelling events.

“A glider, RU-27, completed the transatlantic journey from New Jersey to the western coast of Spain in 221 days”
What are the main advantages of gliders compared to traditional research methods?
Traditionally, oceanographic data is collected by scientists aboard seagoing vessels. Unfortunately, this method results in a very low rate of data acquisition compared to what it costs to obtain the data. The use of gliders is more advantageous. They provide subsurface data on a larger scale and higher frequency than traditional shipboard techniques at a fraction of the cost, and their ability to gather data is not affected by rough weather.
Can you share some interesting facts/examples/achievements pertaining to underwater gliders?
After the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico gliders were used to monitor the problem and track the spill.
A couple of years ago a team from Rutgers University led the effort to have a glider cross the Atlantic Ocean. A glider, RU-27, completed the transatlantic journey from New Jersey to the western coast of Spain in 221 days.
Do you think it could be useful to allow people to follow these gliders online, and find out more about them on sites like BlooSee.com?
There are several universities in the US and abroad that have gliders in the water collecting data year-round. It would be great for people interested in what is going on in the ocean to be able to check out the realtime data, and look at how properties like water temperature and salinity change seasonally and across oceans and hemispheres.
Thank you so much Laura, keep up the great work!